, Examples of outstanding pulsed power generators

, Applications of Pulsed Power Technology

, Outline of the thesis

. .. =-=-), Lossless

H. Bluhm, Pulsed Power Systems: Principle and Applications, 2006.

Q. S-t-pai and . Zhang, Introduction to high power pulse technology, 1995.

N. R. Pereira and J. Davis, X-rays from Z-pinches on relativistic electronbeam generators, Journal of Applied Physics, vol.64, issue.3, pp.1-2, 1988.

H. Bluhm, K. Boehnel, L. Buth, P. Hoppe, H. U. Karow et al., Experiments of KFK's Light-Ion Accelerator KALIF, Proc. 5th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, 1985.

, Last accessed 14th, 2015.

R. B. Spielman, W. A. Stygar, J. F. Seamen, F. Long, H. Ives et al.,

. Wagoner, Pulsed power performance of PBFA Z, Proc. 11th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.709-714, 1997.

M. I. Yalandin and V. G. Shpak, Compact High-Power Subnanosecond Repetitive-Pulse Generators (Reviews). Instruments and Experimental Techniques, vol.44, pp.285-310, 2001.

G. A. Mesyats, S. D. Korovin, V. V. Rostov, V. G. Shpak, and M. I. Yalandin,

, The RADAN Series of Compact Pulsed Power Generators and Their Applications, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.92, issue.7, pp.1166-1179

M. G. Mazarakis, W. E. Fowler, K. L. Lechien, F. W. Long, M. K. Matzen et al.,

H. Mcdaniel, R. G. Mckee, C. L. Olson, J. L. Porter, S. T. Rogowski et al., High-Current Linear Transformer Driver Development at Sandia National Laboratories, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol.38, issue.4, pp.704-713, 2010.

W. Jiang, Repetition rate pulsed power technology and its applications: (V) The implication of pulse adding. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, vol.25, pp.1877-1882, 2013.

M. G. Mazarakisaa, W. E. Fowler, F. W. Long, D. H. Mcdaniel, C. L. Olson et al., High Current Fast 100-ns LTD Driver Development in Sandia Laboratory, Proc. 15th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.390-393, 2005.

W. Jiang and K. Yatsui, Pulsed Wire Discharge for Nanosize Powder Synthesis, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol.26, issue.5, pp.1498-1500, 1998.

R. Sarathi, T. K. Sindhu, S. R. Chakravarthy, and R. Jayaganthan, , 2007.

, Processing and characterization of Nano Aluminium powder Using Electric Explosion process (EEP), Proc. 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference

E. Schamiloglu, High Power Microwave Sources and Applications, Proc. Microwave Symposium Digest, vol.2, pp.1001-1004, 2004.

N. Tesla, Colorado Springs Notes, pp.1899-1900, 1978.

N. Tesla, System of electric lighting, 1891.

N. Tesla, Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy, 1914.

, Tesla Transformer for Experimentation and Research, 2001.

D. Finkelstein, P. Goldberg, and J. Shuchatowitz, High Voltage Impulse System, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.37, issue.2, pp.159-162, 1966.

F. M. Bieniosek, Triple resonance pulse transformer circuit, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.61, issue.6, pp.1717-1719, 1990.

G. A. Mesyats, V. G. Shpak, M. I. Yalandin, and S. A. Shunailov, , 1991.

, Compact High-Current Repetitive Pulse Accelerators, Proc. 8th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.73-77

Y. A. Aadreev, Y. I. Buyanov, A. M. Efrcmov, V. I. Koshelev, B. M. Kovalchuk et al., High power ultrawideband electromagnetic radiation generator, Proc. 11th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.730-735, 1997.

L. Johnelle, R. P. Korioth, D. W. Copeland, and . Scholfield, 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.811-814, 1999.

M. Denicolai, Optimal performance for Tesla transformers, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.73, issue.9, pp.3332-3336, 2002.

F. E. Terman, Radio Engineers' Handbook, 1943.

W. R. Smythe, Static and Dynamic Electricity, 1950.

P. W. Smith, Transient Electronics Pulsed Circuit Technology, 2002.

B. T. Phung, T. R. Blackburn, R. Sheehy, and R. E. James, Tesla transformer design and application in insulator testing, Proc. 7th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering, pp.133-136, 1991.

D. F. Rankin, B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and M. Hubbard, Complex multiphysical modelling of pulsed ultrahigh magnetic field systems, Proc. 2nd, 2006.

, European Pulsed Power Symposium, pp.212-216

B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and M. C. Enache, Accurate modelling of the proximity effect in helical flux compression generators, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol.28, issue.5, pp.1353-1355, 2000.

B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, M. C. Enache, and H. R. Stewardson, Simple 2D model for helical flux-compression generators, Laser and Particle Beams, vol.15, issue.3, pp.379-395, 1997.

K. Gregory, I. R. Smith, V. V. Vadher, and M. J. Edwards, , 1995.

B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, M. C. Enache, and P. Senior, Studies of a very high efficiency electromagnetic launcher, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol.35, pp.1447-1457, 2002.

B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and M. Hubbard, 2D modelling of electromagnetic flux-compression in ?-Pinch Geometry, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol.32, issue.5, pp.1896-1901, 2004.

B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, P. E. Jarvis, and C. J. Abbott, Accelerating Conductors by Electromagnetic Action Through Metallic Shields, IEEE Transactions Magnetics, vol.39, issue.1, pp.305-309, 2003.

J. Luo, B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and J. Brown, Fast and accurate twodimensional modelling of high-current, high-voltage air-cored transformers, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol.38, pp.955-963, 2005.

N. Miura and K. Nakao, Computer analysis of megagauss field generation by condenser bank discharge, Japanese journal of applied physics, vol.29, issue.8, pp.1580-1599, 1990.

F. W. Grover, Inductance Calculations: Working formulas and Tables, 1973.

J. Luo, Novel insulation techniques for high-voltage pulse transformers, 2007.

H. Bluhm, Pulsed Power Systems: Principle and Applications, 2006.

T. H. Martin, A. H. Guenther, and M. Kristiansen, J.C.Martin on Pulsed Power, 1996.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00508985

Q. Yu, W. Thomas, and . Holmes, A Study on Stray Capacitance Modeling of Inductors by Using the Finite Element Method, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol.43, issue.1, pp.88-93, 2001.

W. B. Boast, Vector fields: A vector foundation of electric and magnetic fields, 1964.

P. W. Smith, Transient Electronics Pulsed Circuit Technology, 2002.

T. H. Martin, A. Guenther, and M. Kristiansen, J. C. Martin on Pulsed Power, 1996.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00508985

K. E. Nielsen, H. A. Davis, E. O. Ballad, J. M. Elizondo, R. F. Gribble et al., Atlas Transmission Line Breakdown Analysis, Proc. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.381-384, 1999.

P. Delmote and B. Martin, The GIMLI: a compact High-Power UWB radiation source, EUROEM 2008 Symposium, Ultra-Wideband, Short Pulse Electromagnetics 9, pp.315-321, 2008.

Y. V. Vvedenski, Tiratron generator of nanosecond pulses with universal output, Izv. vuzov. Radiotekhmka, vol.2, pp.249-251, 1959.

Y. A. Andreev, Y. I. Buyanov, A. M. Efremov, V. I. Koshelev, and B. ,

K. N. Kovalchuk, V. A. Sukhushin, V. B. Vizir, and . Zorin, High power ultrawideband electromagnetic radiation generator, Proc. 11th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.730-735, 1997.

V. G. Shpak, S. A. Shunailov, M. R. Oulmascoulov, and M. I. Yalandin, , 1995.

, Generation of high-power broadband electromagnetic pulse with PRF of 100 pps, Proc. 10th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.666-671

V. G. Shpak, M. R. Oulmascoulov, S. A. Shunailov, and M. I. Yalandin, , 1999.

, Active Former of monocycle high-voltage subnanosecond pulses, Proc. 12th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.1456-1459

M. I. Yalandin, S. K. Lyubutin, M. R. Oulmascoulov, S. N. Rukin, V. G. Shpak et al., , 2001.

, Proc. 13th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.1630-1634

B. Baptiste-cadilhon and . Cassany,

L. Merle, M. Pecastaing, A. Rivaletto, V. Silvestre-de-ferron, and . Bertrand, Self-Contained, Hand-Portable, and Repetitive Ultrawideband Radiation Source, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol.39, issue.6, pp.1549-1559, 2011.

Y. Yankelevich and A. Pokryvailo, A Compact Former of High-Power Bipolar Subnanosecond Pulses, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol.33, issue.4, pp.1186-1191, 2005.

B. Martin, P. Delmote, and B. Jecko, Design of an ultra compact UWB pulse former, Proc. 16th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.464-467, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00200801

S. H. Saw, C. S. Wong, and S. Lee, A low-cost high power fast response voltage probe, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.61, issue.12, pp.534-536, 1991.

R. E. Beverly, Application Notes for Aqueous-Electrolyte Resistors, 2004.

R. E. Beverly and R. N. Campbell, Aqueous-electrolyte resistors for pulsed power applications, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.66, issue.12, pp.5625-5629, 1995.

Y. A. Andreev, V. P. Gubanov, A. M. Efremov, V. I. Koshelev, S. D. Korovin et al., High-power ultrawideband radiation source, Laser and Particle Beams, vol.21, issue.2, pp.211-217, 2003.

A. M. Efremov, V. I. Koshelev, B. M. Koval'chuk, V. V. Plisko, and K. ,

. Sukhushin, Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics (English translation of Radiotekhnika i Elektronika, in Russian), vol.52, pp.756-764, 2007.

Y. A. Andreev, A. M. Efremov, V. I. Koshelev, B. M. Koval'chuk, and V. V. ,

K. N. Plisko and . Sukhushin, Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics (English translation of Radiotekhnika i Elektronika, in Russian), vol.56, pp.1429-1439, 2011.

T. H. Martin, A. Guenther, and M. Kristiansen, J. C. Martin on Pulsed Power, 1996.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00508985

P. Delmote, J. P. Duperous, F. Bieth, and S. Pinguet, Performance of an ultra compact, high-power, monocycle pulse former for WB and UWB applications, Proc. 18th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.558-562, 2011.

C. A. Ekdahl, Voltage and current sensors for a high-density z-pinch experiment, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.51, issue.12, pp.1645-1648, 1980.

R. Kumar, B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and J. Larour, Simple, non-invasive and wide-band current and voltage sensors for use with coaxial cables, Proc. 16th, 2007.

, IEEE, pp.486-489

C. A. Ekdahl, Capacitively-coupled inductive sensors for measurements of pulsed currents and pulsed magnetic fields, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol.51, issue.12, pp.1649-1651, 1980.

F. B. Frungel, Capacitor Discharges, Magnetohydrodynamics, X-Rays, vol.1, 1965.

F. Nibler, High-frequency circuit engineering, IEE circuits and systems series 6. The Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1996.

E. Silva, High frequency and microwave engineering, 2001.

B. M. Novac, F. A. Banakhr, I. R. Smith, L. Pecastaing, R. Ruscassie et al., Demonstration of Kerr Constant of Water at 658 nm for Pulsed Intense Electric Fields, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science, vol.40, issue.10, pp.2480-2490, 2012.

G. Gaborit, P. Jarrige, F. Lecoche, J. Dahdah, E. Duraz et al.,

. Duvillaret, Single Shot and Vectorial Characterization of Intense Electric Field in Various Environments with Pigtailed Electrooptic Probe, IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science, vol.42, issue.5, pp.1265-1273, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02017636

J. Kerr, A New Relation between Electricity and Light: Dielectrified Media Birefringent, Philosophical Magazine, vol.50, pp.337-348, 1875.

Y. Chen and W. H. Ortung, Temperature Dependence of the Kerr Constant of Water, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol.76, issue.2, pp.216-221, 1972.

R. K. Khanna, E. Dempsey, and G. P. Jones, , 1978.

Q. S-t-pai and . Zhang, Introduction to high power pulse technology, 1995.

A. Gennady and . Mesyats, Pulsed Power, 2005.

I. Vitkovitsky, High Power Switching, 1987.

P. Senior, C. D. Hacker, B. M. Novac, and I. R. Smith, Switch characteristics for a high efficiency 20 kJ electromagnetic launcher, Proc. 11th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, pp.1144-1149, 1997.

L. Pecastaing, T. Reess, P. Espel, J. Paillol, A. Gibert et al., , 1999.

, Investigation of breakdown characteristics of N2, SF6 and N2-SF6 mixtures under pressure, Proc. 11 th International Symposium on High Voltage Engineering, pp.224-227

G. Bouttemant, L. Pecastaing, J. Paillol, and T. Reess, High speed pressurised gas breakdown in a high voltage ultrawideband pulse generator, Proc. 15 th International Conference on Gas Discharge and their Applications, 2004.

, Last accessed 9th February 2015. and, after the Blumlein PFL HV switch closes

, Time history of Blumlein PFL voltage during a 0.6 MV shot; (a) experimental data (continuous blue line) compared with 2D filamentary modelling(dotted red line); (b) PSpice prediction

, IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society 2015 Best Student Paper Award, 2015.

B. M. Novac, M. Wang, I. R. Smith, and P. Senior, A 10 GW Tesla-Driven Blumlein Pulsed Power Generator, IEEE Transaction on plasma science, vol.42, issue.10, 2014.

M. Wang, B. Novac, L. Pecastaing, and I. Smith, Bipolar modulation of the output of a 10 GW pulsed power generator, Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02153371

B. M. Novac, R. Ruscassie, M. Wang, A. De-ferron, L. Pecastaing et al., , 2016.

M. Wang, B. Novac, L. Pecastaing, and I. Smith, Ultrafast off-the-shelf V-dot Probes: Theory and Experimentation. Will be submitted and published in the IEEE, 2016.

M. Wang, B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and P. Senior, A 10 GW Pulsed Power Generator. UK Pulsed Power Symposium, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02153371

M. Wang, B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and P. Senior, A 10 GW Pulsed Power Generator, IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02153371

M. Wang, B. M. Novac, I. R. Smith, and P. Senior, A 10 GW Pulsed Power Generator. 5th Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conference, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02153371

B. M. Novac, R. Ruscassie, M. Wang, A. De-ferrou, L. Pecastaing et al., Determination of the Temperature Variation of the Kerr Constant of Water: Preliminary Results, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02372178

B. M. Novac, L. Pecastaing, M. Wang, and A. De-ferrou, Ultrafast of the Shelf V-dot Probes: Theory and Experimentation, 42nd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02154020

M. Wang, B. M. Novac, L. Pecastaing, P. Senior, and I. R. Smith, , 2015.

, Additional Pulse Compression and Modulation of the Output of A 10 GW, Tesla-Blumlein Generator, 20th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, 2015.

B. M. Novac, M. Wang, L. Pecastaing, P. Senior, and I. R. Smith, 600 kV Bipolar output Tesla-Blumlein generator with frequency bandwidth > 1 GHz, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02154271