Proteins as functional units of biocalcification - An overview.
Résumé
High-throughput approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics have led to the discovery of a larger set of biomineralization genes than previously foreseen. These gene lists are often difficult to decode in light of the current models of calcification. Here we overview the proteins available in UniProt (Universal Protein Resource), that were identified directly in metazoan calcium carbonate mineralized structures or known to have direct key-functions in calcification processes. Functional annotation of the protein datasets using Gene Ontology reveals that functions like carbohydrate binding, structural and catalytic activities (e.g. hydrolase) are commonly represented across the organic matrices.
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